Operating Systems in a nutshell
Operating systems are the software that makes the hardware usable. Operating systems perform the following rudimentary functions - Process Management Process Scheduling Process Synchronization Memory Management In addition, an operating system (OS) also provides facilities like a GUI or embedded application software that make the system more user-friendly. OSs generally deal with allocation, scheduling and monitoring of resources available to the system. Popular examples are the Windows, Linux and Mac OS series. A process is a program in execution. Processes require resources to complete execution and the allocation of these resources is fulfilled by the operating system. Appropriate allocation algorithms must be utilized to avoid deadlocks. A deadlock occurs when the system is in a standstill because the requirements of all processes can't be met due to a lack of available resources. Common examples of deadlock are the dining philosophers problem and the readers/wr